Stainless steel is a highly durable, corrosion-resistant alloy made primarily of iron, chromium, and, often, nickel. Stainless steel is prized for its strength, resistance to tarnishing, and sleek, modern appearance. It is commonly used in structural elements, façades, cladding, roofing, and decorative features in both interior and exterior applications.
Stainless steel was first developed in the early 20th century, with the discovery of its corrosion-resistant properties credited to English metallurgist Harry Brearley in 1913. The material quickly gained popularity in various industries, including architecture, due to its ability to withstand harsh environmental conditions without rusting or corroding.
The use of stainless steel in architecture became prominent in the mid-20th century as modernist architects sought materials that combined functionality with a clean, minimalist aesthetic. Its sleek appearance and durability made stainless steel a symbol of modernity and technological progress.
EXAMPLES IN CHICAGO:
- Cloud Gate (The Bean): One of the most iconic uses of stainless steel in Chicago is Cloud Gate, commonly known as "The Bean." Designed by British artist Anish Kapoor and completed in 2006, Cloud Gate is a massive public sculpture located in Millennium Park. The sculpture is made of 168 stainless steel plates welded together, polished to create a seamless, reflective surface. The mirror-like finish of the stainless steel reflects the city’s skyline and surrounding environment, making it a dynamic piece of art that changes with the weather and time of day.
- Inland Steel Building: The Inland Steel Building, completed in 1958 and designed by Skidmore, Owings & Merrill (SOM), is another significant example of stainless steel in Chicago architecture. This building was the first high-rise constructed in Chicago’s Loop after World War II and features an exterior clad entirely in stainless steel. The building’s façade remains gleaming and free from corrosion decades later, showcasing the durability and timeless appeal of stainless steel.
